Pump or compressor



May 29, 1934. E. KGI 1,960,267

PUMP OR COMPRESSOR Filed March 25. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 29, 1934. E. KGI

PUMP 0R COMPRESSOR Filed March 23. 1932 Wmmw mi? Patented May 29, 1934 UNITED STATES PUMP OR COMPRESSOR Emil Kgi, Winterthur, Switzerland, assignor to firm Sulzer Frres Socit Anonyme, Winterthur, Switzerland Application March 23, 1932, Serial No. 600,657 In Switzerland July 1, 1931 6 Claims.

'Ihis invention relates to pumps or compressors (such for example as a compressor for use in a refrigerating machine) of the kind in which the working medium is delivered or compressed by a Working system which revolves in a closed path under the action of centrifugal forces and reactive forces due to the translational movement of an intermediate system, vvwhich is in turn caused to move by the action of a driving system rotating aboutw axis not passing through its centre of gravity.

In a known machine of this kind the compression performing structure or working system is in the formof a displacer piston disposed in a chamber so as to leave a crescent-shaped working space between the piston and the chamber, within which the piston rotates under the action of centrifugal forces set up by the translational movement of the chamber, which forms part of the intermediate structure or system, to which the movement is imparted by the centrifugal forces of the driving structure or system. In this arrangement the intermediate system is formed as a casing enclosing the driving and working systems, so that the outer surface of the hwhole machine -executes a translational movement.

The present invention has for its object to eiect improvements in machines of this general kind, whereby the outer casing of the machine is caused to rotate about its own axis of symmetry without any translational movement, thus avoiding risk of striking external objects and also reducing noise to a minimum by avoiding displacement of the surrounding air.

In the pump or compressor according to the present invention the driving system is formed into an outer casing surrounding the intermediate system and the working system. The outer surface of the casing constituting the driving system is preferably in the form of a surface of revolution whose axisof symmetry coincides with the common axis of gravity of the three systems, i. e. the vertical line passing through 45 the centre of gravity of the whole machine. Thus the outer casing rotates on its own axis Without translational movement so that the machine appears steady like a rotating shaft and will not be liable to strike external objects or materially disturb the surrounding air whereby noise is almost completely eliminated.

Two convenient practical constructions of compressor according to the invention are illustrated diagrammatically by way of example 55 in the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, a vertical section and a transverse section on the line A-A of Figure 1 of one construction, and

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the second construction, the transverse section shown in Figure 2 also being applicable to the alternative arrangement shown in Figure 3.

In the arrangement of Figures 1 and 2, the compressor comprises :broadly a driving structure or system I, an intermediate structure or system II and a working structure or system III and is suspended by means of v a universal joint at the point 1 on a hook 3 secured to a xed support 2. The medium to be compressed is supplied to the compressor through a pipe 4 70 and is discharged therefrom through a pipe 5.

The driving system I consists of a casing 10 for an electric motor and a lower casing 11, whose outer surface is formed as a smooth surface of revolution with an axis of symmetry 12. The lower casing 11 has within it an eccentrically mounted flyweight 13. An electric motor is mounted obliquely within the upper casing 10, the eld winding 14 being carried by the casing 10 and being supplied with current 80 through slip rings. Bearings 15 and 16 are provided in the upper and lower casings 10 and 11 for carrying the intermediate system II. The axis 17 of these bearings makes an angle a with the axis of symmetry 12 and these two 85 axes intersect at the point of suspension 1, the axis 17 also being the oblique axis of the electric motor.

The intermediate system II consists of two funnel-shaped members 20, 21 each mounted on 90 a spindle 18 or 1 9, these two members enclosing a working chamber formed between two plates 22, 23 and a -third annular intermediate plate 24. The spindle 18 has keyed to it the armature 25v of the electric motor. This spindle is also provided with two axial bores 26, 27 connected at their upper ends to the supply and discharge pipes 4 and 5 and at their lower ends to pipes 23 and 29. The pipe 28 communicates directly with the working chamber Whilst the pipe 29 opens into a discharge compartment 30 connected through a small bore 31 to the working chamber. A sliding vane 32 loaded by a spring 33 divides the crescent-shaped space in the working chamber into a suction chamber 6 and a discharge chamber 7 (Figure 2). Near its upper end the spindle 18 carries a `anged bearing sleeve 35, whereby this spindle can carry the f weight of the driving system I..

The working system III consists of a disand two projections 38, 39 thereon which act as flyweight masses, these two projlections being detachably secured to the displacer piston to facilitate assembly and dismantling.

The manner of suspension of the spindle 18 at the point 1 is such as to permit translational movement (after the manner of a conical pendulum) of the intermediate system II but to prevent rotation of this system about its axis. The angle a of inclination of the axis of the intermediate system II to the axis of symmetry of the driving system I is such that the centre of gravity of the combined intermediate and working systems is displaced to one side of the axis of symmetry byV an amount corresponding to the displacement from that axis of the centre of gravity of the driving system alone (due to the eccentric weight 13) .so that the common centre of gravity of the whole machine lies in the axis of symmetry 12 of the outer surface of the driving system.

When the electric motor is energized the armature 25 exerts a torque on the field Winde ing 14 and thereby causes the driving system I to rotate about its axis 12, for instance in the direction of the arrow 40 (Figure 2)." 'Ihis will cause the intermediate system l1 to execute a translational pendulum movement about the point of suspension 1 in the direction of the arrow 41 in such a manner that its axis 17 will describe about the axis of symmetry 12 a conical surface having a vertical angle 2a. In actual practice the angle a is preferably made small, so that the plane A-A is approximately at right angles to the axis of symmetry v12, the point of intersection of the axis 17 of the intermediate system with this plane tracing thereon a circle 42.

During these movements the centre of gravity of the working system III moves in the direction of the arrow 44 on a circle 43 owing to centrifugal action and the reactions of the walls of the working 4chamber thereon. The medium to be compressed is sucked into the working chamber through the bore 45 and is discharged through the bores 46, 31 into the discharge chamber 30.

-The supply and discharge pipes 4 and 5 areA made flexible so that they can be attached at their free ends to fixed points from which further fixed pipes will lead.

The alternative arrangement shown in'Figure 3 differs from that of Figure 1 primarily in that the intermediate system DI is `divided intor two parts whose axes are at an angle to one another and intersect at the point 51, Where the two parts are connected together'by a ball joint 52. This modification enables the axis 53 of the working chamber to be arranged parallel to the axis of symmetry 12 of the outer casing, whilst the axis 54 of the upper part of the intermediate system carrying the motor armature intersects the axis 12 at an angle a at the point of suspension 1.

Thus each point not only of the working chamber but also of the displacer piston 34 executes its movements whollyl in a plane at right angles to the main axis of symmetry 12, to which the axis of symmetry 55 of the working system lies parallel. The centres of gravity of the two flyweights 38,39 thus at all times execute equal movements at equal speeds, so that there is no 'tendency to produce a turning move.- mentv of the axis of the piston 34, wear on the sliding surfaces of the piston and the working A placer piston 34 within the working chamber,

chamber thus being considerably reduced so that the life of the machine is lengthened.

It is preferable to choose the point of suspension and the shapes of the members constituting the three individual systems in such a manner that the centre of instantaneous ro tation of each system due to the forces acting thereon coincides with that of the other systems and with the point of suspension. This enables horizontal reactive forces at the point of suspension to be eliminated and ensures the steadiest possible running. Since the outer surface of the casing of the machine is formed as a surface of revolution the surrounding air will not, be materially disturbed and the machine will consequently operate silently.

It will be appreciated that the arrangements more particularly described and illustrated have been given by way of example only and may be modied within the scope of the invention. Thus forms of suspension other than that illustrated may be employed which will permit a translational pendulum movement but prevent rotation, such for example as elastic bands or cones rolling on each other and having a vertical angle corresponding to the `angle of displacement a.

I claim:

1. In a machine working as pump or compressor, and having no stuffing boxes, the combination with a driving structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and as such surrounding the whole machine in the form of a body having a centric surface and rotating about its axis of symmetry; of an inter-- mediate structure comprising at least the stator of the said electric-motor and including the casing of the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the influence of the driving structure; and of a compression-performing structure for forcing the fluid to be transported and driven by the inertia effects caused by the translatory motions of the intermediate structure.

2. In a machine working as pump or compressor, and having no stufling-boxes, the combination with a driving 'structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and as such surrounding the whole machine in the form of a body having a centric surface and rotating 125 about its axis of symmetry; of an intermediate structure comprising at least the stator of the said electric-motor and including the casing of the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the influence of the driving structure; 130 and of a compression performing structure for forcing the' fluid to be transported and driven Yby the inertia effects caused by the translatory motions of the intermediate structure, said driving structure being in the form of a surface of revolution whose axis-of-symmetry coincides with that gravity axis which is common to the three systems or structures.

3. In a machine'working as pump or com# pressor, and having no stumng boxes, the com- 140 bination with a drivingV structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and as such surrounding the whole machine in the form ofza body having a centric surface and rotating about its axis of symmetry; of an in- 145 termediate structure comprising at least the stator of thesaid electric-motor and including the casing of the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the inuence of the driving structure; of a compression-performing struc- 150 as such surrounding the whole machine in the ture for forcing the liuid to be transported and driven by the inertia effects caused by the translatory motions of the intermediate structure; and means includingv a universal joint for mounting the machine with the intermediate structure or system carrying the weight of the driving structure plus the compression-performingstructure.

4. In a machine working as pump or compressor, and having no stulling boxes, the combination with a driving structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and for of a body having a centric surface and rota ing about its axis of symmetry;l of an intermediate structure comprising at least the stator of the said electric-motor and including the casing of the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the inuence of the driving structure; and: of a compression-performing structure for forcing the uid to be transported and driven bythe inertia effects caused by the translatory motions of the intermediate structure, the compression-performing-structure being adapted to receive a working-medium, and exible supply and discharge pipes lor circulating said medium,A said pipes being xed at one end to a stationarymember and flexibly connected at the other end to one of said structures.

5. In a machine working as pump or compressor, and having no stulhng boxes, the combination with a driving structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and as such surrounding the whole machine in the form of a body having a centric surface and rotating about its axis of symmetry; of an intermediate structure comprising at least the stator of .the said electric-motor and including the casing of the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the influence of the driving structure; and of a compression-performing structure for forcing the fluid to be transported and driven by the inertia effects caused by the translatory motions of the intermediate structure, the intermediate structure being movable and constituted by two major-parts, one of said major-partsincluding a chamber enclosing the compression-performing-structure, said parts being arranged for every point of the compressionperforming-structure-enclosing part to be moved in parallel planes.

6. In a machine working as pump or compressor, and having n o stuffing boxesythe combination with a driving structure constituting at least the rotary part of an electro-motor and as such surrounding the whole machinein the form of a body having a centric surface and 'rotating about its axis of symmetry; of an intermediate structure comprising at least the stator of the said electric-motor and including the casing or the machine and adapted to move translatorily under the inuence of the driving structure; and of a compression-performing-structure direction. t

EMIL KGI.

'for forcing the uid to be transported and driven 

